Most sport psychologists work with athletes on the mental side of their sport in an office setting (usually one hour per week), providing them with mental tools that they can use during training and competitions. This approach makes about as much sense as a coach offering their racers technical instruction in an office and then telling them to go out on the hill and work on it in training. In either case, the transfer from inside to outside isn’t very good.

I have found the most productive work I do with racers is on-snow. Because of my ski racing background and knowledge of the sport, I’m able to go on the hill with racers and show them how to incorporate mental skills, such as intensity, focus, imagery, and routines, while they’re actually skiing, first while free skiing and then in gates.

But, over the last few years, I have discovered an even better setting in which racers can begin to develop their mental skills: the gym. Yes, using mental skills while doing strength or agility training (the two most common types of conditioning for alpine ski racers) is a great way to begin to ingrain those skills that will be of such benefit once you get on snow.

Think of it this way. Both a run of, say, slalom and a set of squats or hang cleans are physical performances that share many attributes. They both involve strength and technique. They hurt at the end. And, most importantly, they require certain mental skills to maximize the gains you make from them.

A great thing about beginning your mental training in the gym is that it is a much less complex environment than on snow and, as a result, easier to practice and start to learn the mental skills. You have fewer variables, fewer things to think about, and, importantly, fewer distractions that can prevent you from focusing on and practicing the mental skills.

Training runs and conditioning exercises also have similar phases of execution. There is the preparation phase where you get yourself physically and mentally ready to perform your best. There is the performance phase where you are doing your best to perform at your highest level possible. There is the conclusion phase where you are in pain and your body is telling your mind (often in a very loud voice!) to either ease up or stop because it hurts too much. Finally, there is the completion phase where you evaluate your performance and see what you can do to improve.

Everything mentally that you need to have and do for a great training or race run also applies to every set of a workout. You must be highly motivated to give your best effort even when you get tired, bored, or begin to really hurt. You have to have confidence that you can, for example, lift a certain weight or do a particular number of reps. You must have the intensity necessary to explode upward with the weight. You have to be focused on good technique so you execute properly and don’t risk injury. You need an aggressive mindset to attack the lift. And you need to finish both strong.

The foundation of this idea that mental training begins in the gym is that mental areas are muscles that only get stronger with repetition. Further, your ultimate goal in all of your training, whether physical, technical, tactical, or mental, is to deeply ingrain effective skills and habits that you can use on race day to ski your best.

Now that I’ve convinced you (hopefully) of the value of strengthening your mental muscles in the gym, you’re probably wondering how exactly you can begin to include mental training into your workout regimen. Here are five key mental skills you can incorporate into your conditioning that can then transfer over to your on-snow training.

Commitment

Before each exercise, make a conscious commitment to put your best effort into it from start to finish. For you to get maximum gains from your training, you must want it bad. This commitment is particularly important at the end of a set when you need to finish strong in the face of the inevitable pain you feel.

Confidence

Say something positive that will give you a confident state of mind (e.g., “10 reps at 225 lbs., I can do this!”) toward the exercise. This is especially important when doubts creep into your mind when you are, for example, doing a new exercise that you’re not that skilled at or you’re going to be attempting a weight you’ve never lifted before.

Intensity

Most ski racing-relevant exercises are about strength and agility, both of which require intensity to get the most out of them. Before every set, “rev your engine” by jumping up and down, taking some aggressive breaths and using “psych-up” self-talk (“Let’s do it!). When you are doing low-intensity exercises, such as stretching or yoga, relax your muscles, breath deeply, and use “psych-down” self-talk (e.g., “calm and easy”). If your body is at ideal intensity for the exercise, you’ll do it well from start to finish and you’ll gain the most benefit from it.

Focus

Simply put, if you’re not totally focused on your best execution and effort in an exercise, you will not only not perform it well and gain its greater benefits, but you may also hurt yourself. Before every set, stop talking to people, take a deep breath to direct your focus onto the exercise, take 5-10 seconds and imagine yourself doing the exercise well, and, finally, grab a keyword that reminds you of an important thing you need to do to perform the exercise well (e.g., “hips” or “attack”).

Mindset

Particularly in strength training, a passive mindset just isn’t going to work. In  a way, you’re competing against the exercise; it wants to stop you from, for example, lifting the weight or completing the required number of reps. You have to attack the weight and impose your will on it. Otherwise, near the end of the set, your body will tell your mind to stop and your mind will listen. You must keep an aggressive mindset from the first rep to the last.

Because strengthening your mental muscles is new and not a part of your conditioning routine, you’ll probably forget to do it sometimes. Don’t beat yourself up about it if you don’t remember every time. At first, you’ll need to be reminded to use the mental muscles every set. I would recommend taping a sheet of paper on the wall or mirror of your workout space saying something like, “MENTAL MUSCLES!). When you see it, you’ll be reminded to do it. And before you know it, the mental muscles will become so strong that you use them automatically without needing reminders.

There are several great benefits to using mental skills in the gym. First, because you will be more mentally prepared for each set in your workout, you’ll give more effort, have more quality in that effort, and, as a result, you’ll make greater gains in your fitness. Second, you’ll be able to strengthen your mental muscles before you get on snow, making that transition faster and smoother in incorporating them into your free skiing, gate training, and race preparations. Finally, once you’ve strengthened your mental muscles in your physical conditioning, on-snow training, and pre-race routine, they be so strong that when you get into the starting gate of a big race, you can flex those mental muscles to ski your very fastest.

Note: I’m two sessions into my Prime Ski Racing: Psychology of Championship Skiing online mental training course and it is going well. In fact, it’s not too late to enroll (you can catch up by watching the first two sessions on line). I have racers from U14 to national team athletes from all over the US and Canada, as well from Italy, Sweden, Norway, Germany, New Zealand, and Australia (plus a bunch of coaches). The technology is working and the feedback has been very positive. The curriculum is a work in progress, so I’ve been tweaking it constantly and adding new ideas and approaches that will provide the best content and delivery to attendees. Be on the lookout for the next session of the course to begin September 7^th. More news later!